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3 Communism in crisis, 197689
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The crises that the communist world confront in the 1970s and 1980s had their roots in the conundrum of Marxs idea of the dictatorship of the proletariat. In two china and the Soviet Union, the government claimed to represent the workers of the world, yet these were two of the near repressive regimes of their era: engaged in state-sponsored censorship, they functioned as guard states, and were designed to prevent public expressions against government actions. In both countries, there had been attempts to modify the official positions of the Communist Party in regularize to address the ills that these countries faced, but reform was often followed by reaction. In the USSR, the de-Stalinization policies of Khruschev were followed by Brezhnevs return to blotto central leadership; and in the Peoples Republic of China, the brief attempts at reform such as the Hundred Flowers movement were followed by the Cultural Revolution. In the 1970s, there were further attempts to repair the hurt systemswith very different results for China and the Soviet Union.
This chapter focuses on positive subject 3; it addresses the major challengessocial, political and economic go about the regimes in the leading socialist (Communist) states from 1976 to 1989 and the nature of the response of these regimes. In China, repressive measures managed to contain the challenges and thus the regime maintained power. In the USSR and Communist Europe, challengeswhether internal or external in parenthoodproduced responses that inaugurated reform processes; these reform processes contributed significantly to the end of communism in Europe. Sources for discussion and evaluation are included throughout the chapter and focus on the following areas:
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the struggle for power following the death of Mao Zedong (Mao...If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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